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Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius

Roman Emperor & Philosopher · Roman

121 AD180 AD

The last of the Five Good Emperors, Marcus Aurelius ruled Rome while maintaining a deeply philosophical inner life. His private journal, later published as 'Meditations,' became one of the most influential works of Stoic philosophy.

Core Values

What Marcus prioritized and lived by, ranked by importance.

Duty10/10

Fulfilled his role as emperor despite preferring philosophy

Self-Discipline9/10

Constant practice of controlling emotions and reactions

Wisdom9/10

Pursuit of philosophical understanding over pleasure

Justice8/10

Fair treatment of all citizens regardless of status

Humility8/10

Despite being emperor, saw himself as a servant of Rome

How They Spent Their Time

A typical distribution of how Marcus allocated their energy and attention.

Governance & Military50%

Managing the empire and defending borders

Philosophical reflection20%

Morning and evening journaling, contemplation

Physical training10%

Maintaining physical discipline

Family & mentorship10%

Teaching his children, meeting with advisors

Rest & correspondence10%

Letters, reading, sleep

Guiding Principles

"You have power over your mind - not outside events. Realize this, and you will find strength."
"Waste no more time arguing about what a good man should be. Be one."
"The object of life is not to be on the side of the majority, but to escape finding oneself in the ranks of the insane."
"Accept the things to which fate binds you, and love the people with whom fate brings you together."

What They Sacrificed

  • Spent most of his reign at war, away from the philosophical life he preferred
  • Endured the death of multiple children
  • Faced constant political intrigue and assassination plots
  • Suffered from chronic illness while maintaining his duties

Their Legacy

  • Meditations - one of the most read philosophy books in history
  • Model of the 'philosopher king' ideal
  • Expanded Roman citizenship and improved legal rights for slaves
  • Established precedent for thoughtful, ethical leadership

Learn More

Would you consider Marcus's life a "good life"?

What would you embrace? What would you do differently?